新春伊始,萬象更新。在2018年的春天,各國藥政機構(gòu)紛紛出臺2018年的立法計劃或法規(guī)修訂更新等工作計劃。對于制藥行業(yè),這些工作計劃有哪些影響?是機會還是壓力?需要制藥行業(yè)人士多知早知。筆者匯總和解析這些法規(guī)修訂進展,以期為行業(yè)人士提供借鑒。
中國國內(nèi)法規(guī)進展
2018年2月12日,國家食藥監(jiān)總局(CFDA)公布了2018年立法計劃,其中,法律3部:一是繼續(xù)推動《中華人民共和國藥品管理法》修正案出臺;二是繼續(xù)推動《全國人大常委會授權(quán)開展部分藥品專利期補償制度試點和探索建立藥品專利鏈接制度的決定》出臺;三是形成《中華人民共和國藥品管理法》修改草案送審稿,按程序報請國務(wù)院審議。
法規(guī)3部:一是推動完成《中華人民共和國食品安全法實施條例》修訂;二是加快《醫(yī)療器械監(jiān)督管理條例》修改進程,力爭第一季度向國務(wù)院報送修正案草案;三是繼續(xù)推動《化妝品監(jiān)督管理條例》盡快出臺。
規(guī)章31部:一是圍繞食品安全法,制修訂食品類配套規(guī)章12部;二是按照深化藥品醫(yī)療器械審評審批制度改革要求,制修訂藥品醫(yī)療器械類規(guī)章15部;三是為加快食品藥品法治建設(shè),制修訂綜合類規(guī)章4部。
需要制藥行業(yè)人士給予關(guān)注的是,很多藥品相關(guān)法規(guī)更需要給予足夠重視。其中,MAH相關(guān)的法規(guī)更是中國制藥行業(yè)期待已久的---《藥品上市許可持有人管理辦法》。另外,《藥品注冊管理辦法》也注定是行業(yè)關(guān)注熱點。除此之外,如下法規(guī)也需要行業(yè)人士給予關(guān)注:《藥品數(shù)據(jù)管理規(guī)范》、《藥品檢查辦法》、《執(zhí)業(yè)藥師注冊管理辦法》等。
美國法規(guī)進展
2018財年美國FDA的CDER計劃頒發(fā)的新起草或修訂的指南,共涉及廣告、臨床/抗菌、臨床/醫(yī)學(xué)、臨床藥理、臨床/統(tǒng)計、新藥研發(fā)工具、藥品安全、電子申報、仿制藥、標簽、非處方藥、藥品質(zhì)量/微生物學(xué)、藥品質(zhì)量/CMC、藥品質(zhì)量/制造標準(CGMP)、藥理毒理學(xué)、程序、罕見病以及用戶付費共18大類。具體內(nèi)容詳見下表:
Advertising廣告 |
Presenting Quantitative Information in Direct-to-Consumer Promotional Labeling and Advertisements 直接面對消費者宣傳標簽和廣告的量化信息呈現(xiàn) |
Updating Promotional Materials to Reflect Labeling Changes to Risk Information 更新宣傳材料反映出風(fēng)險信息的標簽變化 |
Clinical/Antimicrobial臨床/抗菌 |
Cytomegalovirus in Transplantation: Developing Drugs for Treatment and Prevention 移植中的巨細胞病毒:治療和預(yù)防用藥物的開發(fā) |
Smallpox (Variola Virus) Infection: Developing Drugs for Treatment and Prevention;Revised Draft 天花(天花病毒)感染:治療和預(yù)防用藥物的開發(fā);修訂草案 |
Streamlining Pediatric HIV Antiretroviral Drug Development Intended for Global Use 用于全球精簡兒童HIV抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒 藥物的開發(fā) |
Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections: Developing Antimicrobial Drugs for Treatment 非復(fù)雜性尿路感染:治療用抗菌藥物的開發(fā) |
Clinical/Medical臨床/醫(yī)學(xué) |
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Developing Drugs for Treatment 肌萎縮性側(cè)索硬化癥:治療用藥物的開發(fā) |
Antiepileptic Drugs for Treatment of Partial Onset Seizures: Full Extrapolation of Efficacy from Adult to Pediatrics Patients 4 Years of Age and Older 治療部分發(fā)作性癲癇的抗癲癇藥物:對成人和4歲及以上兒科患者療效的全面推斷 |
Early Alzheimer’s Disease: Developing Drugs for Treatment 早期阿爾茨海默氏病:治療用藥物的開發(fā) |
Hypertension: Developing Fixed-Dose Combination Drugs for Treatment 高血壓:治療用固定劑量聯(lián)合用藥的開發(fā) |
Migraine: Developing Drugs for Treatment 偏頭痛:治療用藥物的開發(fā) |
Opioid Dependence: Developing Depot ** Products for Treatment 阿 片類藥物依賴:治療用丁丙諾 啡產(chǎn)品的開發(fā) |
Pediatric Oncology Product Development; Revised Draft 兒科腫瘤學(xué)產(chǎn)品開發(fā);修訂草案 |
Pregnant Women in Clinical Trials – Scientific and Ethical Considerations 臨床試驗中的孕婦—科學(xué)和倫理考慮 |
Pregnancy, Prevention and Planning: Recommendations for Pregnancy Testing and Contraception for Drugs with Teratogenic Potential 懷孕、預(yù)防和計劃:對具有致畸潛能的藥物進行妊娠試驗和避孕的建議 |
Clinical Pharmacology臨床藥理 |
Assessing the Effects of Food on Drugs in INDs or NDAs – General Considerations 評估食物對研究用新藥或新藥申請中藥品的影響—總則 |
Bioavailability Studies Submitted in NDAs for INDs – General Considerations 新藥申請中研究用新藥生物利用度研究的提交–總則 |
Clinical Drug Interactions Studies: Study, Design, Data Analysis, Implications for Dosing and Labeling Recommendations, Revised Draft 臨床藥物相互作用研究:研究,設(shè)計,數(shù)據(jù)分析,給藥和標簽推薦的影響,修訂草案 |
General Clinical Pharmacology Considerations for Neonatal Studies for Drugs and Biological Products 藥物和生物制品新生兒研究的一般臨床藥理學(xué)考慮 |
In Vitro Metabolism-and-Transporter -Mediated Drug-Drug Interaction Studies; Revised Draft 體外代謝與轉(zhuǎn)運蛋白介導(dǎo)的藥物相互作用研究;修訂草案 |
Pharmacokinetics in Patients with Impaired Renal Function – Study Design, Data Analysis and Impact on Dosing and Labeling; Revised Draft 腎功能損害患者的藥代動力學(xué)-研究設(shè)計、數(shù)據(jù)分析及劑量和標簽的影響;修訂草案 |
Pharmacokinetics in Patients with Impaired Hepatic Function – Study Design, Data Analysis and Impact on Dosing and Labeling 肝功能受損患者的藥代動力學(xué)--研究設(shè)計、數(shù)據(jù)分析及劑量和標簽的影響 |
Pharmacogenomic Data Submission 藥物基因組學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)提交 |
Clinical/Statistical臨床/統(tǒng)計 |
Adaptive Design Clinical Trials for Drugs and Biologics; Revised Draft 藥品和生物制品臨床試驗的適應(yīng)性設(shè)計;修訂草案 |
Adjusting for Covariates in Randomized Experiments 隨機實驗中協(xié)變量的調(diào)整 |
Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials to Evaluate the Safety of Human Drugs or Biologic Products 人用藥品或生物制品安全性評估的隨機對照試驗的Meta分析 |
Drug Development Tools新藥研發(fā)工具 |
Biomarker Qualification: Evidentiary Framework; Draft Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff 生物標志物的確認:證據(jù)框架;對行業(yè)與FDA工作人員的指南草案 |
Drug Safety藥品安全 |
Postmarketing Safety Reporting for Human Drugs and Biological Products Including Vaccines, Revised Draft 人用藥品、生物制品包括**的上市后安全報告,修訂草案 |
Restricted Delivery Systems: Flow Restrictors and Oral Liquid Drug Products 限制給藥系統(tǒng):劑量受控以及口服液制劑 |
Electronic Submissions電子申報 |
Standardized Format for Electronic Submissions of NDA and BLA Content for the Planning and Conduct of Bioresearch Monitoring Inspections for CDER Submissions NDA和BLA用于計劃執(zhí)行生物學(xué)研究監(jiān)測檢查的電子申報的標準化格式 |
Providing Regulatory Submissions in Electronic Format – Drug 以電子格式規(guī)范提交—藥品 |
Establishment Registration and Drug Listing 建立登記和藥品目錄 |
Providing Regulatory Submissions in Electronic Format – Bioanalytical Methods Data Standards 以電子格式規(guī)范提交—生物分析方法數(shù)據(jù)標準 |
Providing Regulatory Submissions in Electronic Format – Standardized Bioanalytical Data 以電子格式規(guī)范提交—標準化的生物分析數(shù)據(jù) |
Generics仿制藥 |
180-Day Exclusivity: Questions and Answers 180天市場獨占期:問答 |
Assessing Adhesion for ANDAs with Transdermal Delivery Systems and Topical Patches; Revised Draft ANDAs 對透皮給藥系統(tǒng)和外用貼劑粘附性的評價,修訂草案 |
Assessing Irritation and Sensitization Potentials of Generic Transdermal and Topical Patches Submitted in ANDAs ANDAS中提交的一般經(jīng)皮給藥和外用貼劑的刺激和致敏電位評價 |
Bioequivalence Studies with Pharmacokinetic Endpoints for Drug Products Submitted in ANDAs; Revised Draft ANDA中藥品具有藥代動力學(xué)終點的生物等效性研究的提交;修訂草案 |
Failure to Timely Respond to an ANDA CR Letter ANDA中受控通信(CR)的未及時回復(fù) |
Referencing Approved Drug Products in ANDA Submissions; Revised Draft ANDA提交中的參比藥品;修訂草案 |
Sameness Under the 505(j) Pathway 按照505(j)路徑的一致性 |
Therapeutic Equivalence – General Considerations 治療等效性-總則 |
Three-Year Exclusivity Determinations for Drug Products 藥品三年獨占期判定 |
Variations in Drug Products (ANDAs) Guidance ANDAs藥品指南的變化 |
Labeling標簽 |
Drug Abuse and Dependence Section of Labeling for Human Prescription Drug and Biological Products – Content and Format 人用處方藥品和生物制品標簽,藥品濫用和依賴部分—內(nèi)容和格式 |
Indications and Usage Section of Labeling for Human Prescription Drugs and Biological Products – Content and Format 人用處方藥和生物制品標簽,適應(yīng)癥和使用部分—內(nèi)容和格式 |
Instructions for Use for Human Prescription Drug and Biological Products – Content and Format 人用處方藥和生物制品的使用說明—內(nèi)容和格式 |
Labeling for Combined Hormonal Contraceptives 聯(lián)合激素避孕藥的標簽 |
Pregnancy, Lactation and Reproductive Potential: Labeling for Human Prescription Drug and Biological Products; Revised Draft 人用處方藥和生物制品標簽,懷孕哺乳以及生殖潛能;修訂草案 |
Product Title and Initial U.S. Approval in the Highlights of Prescribing Information for Human Prescription Drug and Biological Products – Content and Format 人用處方藥和生物制品中產(chǎn)品名稱以及最初美國批準的處方信息的警示語-內(nèi)容和格式 |
Recommended Statement for Over-the-Counter (OTC) Aspirin-Containing Drug Products Labeled with Cardiovascular-Related Imagery Guidance for Industry 非處方藥中標有心血管相關(guān)影像行業(yè)指南的含阿司匹林藥品的推薦聲明 |
Over-The-Counter 非處方藥OTC |
Innovative Approaches for Nonprescription Drug Products 非處方藥的創(chuàng)新方法 |
Maximal Usage Trial for Topical Active Ingredients Being Considered in the Over-the-Counter Monograph: Study Elements and Considerations 非處方專著中應(yīng)考慮的外用活性成分的使用量試驗:研究內(nèi)容和考慮因素 |
Pharmaceutical Quality/Microbiology藥品質(zhì)量/微生物學(xué) |
Microbiological Considerations for Non-Sterile Drug Products 非無菌藥品微生物考慮點 |
Pharmaceutical Quality/CMC藥品質(zhì)量/CMC |
CDER’s Program for the Recognition of Voluntary Consensus Standards CDER承認自愿協(xié)商一致標準的程序 |
Clarification of Human Drug Application Establishment Information Q&A Guidance 澄清人用藥物申請場所信息問答的指南 |
Drug Master Files; Revised Draft Version: 19 January 2018 DMF;修訂草案2018年1月19日 |
Harmonizing Compendial Standards with Drug Application CMC Approval Requirements Using the USP Pending Monograph Process 協(xié)調(diào)藥典標準與與藥品申請CMC批準要求采用USP征求意見稿的流程 |
Identification of Manufacturing Establishments in Applicants Submitted to CBER and CDER – Questions and Answers 提交給CBER和CDER的申請中生產(chǎn)場所的識別-問答 |
In-vitro Methods for Evaluation of Abuse Deterrent Properties of Opioid Products 阿 片類藥物濫用抑制特性的體外評價方法 |
Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI) and Dry Powder Inhaler (DPI) Drug Products – Chemistry,Manufacturing, and Controls Documentation; Revised Draft 計量吸入器(MDI)和干粉吸入器(DPI)的藥品-化學(xué),制造和控制文件;修訂草案 |
Post-Approval Changes to Drug Substances (GDUFAII) 批準后的變更原料藥(GDUFAII) |
Product Development and Quality Control of Transdermal and Related Delivery Systems 經(jīng)皮給藥及相關(guān)給藥系統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)品開發(fā)和質(zhì)量控制 |
Quality Considerations for Continuous Manufacturing (CM) 連續(xù)生產(chǎn)(CM)的質(zhì)量考慮點 |
Type V Drug Master File (DMF) for Combination Products with CDER Jurisdiction Utilizing a Device Part with Electronics or Software CDER管轄的利用電子或軟件的設(shè)備部件組合產(chǎn)品的V類DMF |
Use of Liquids and/or Soft-Foods as Vehicles for Drug Administration: General Considerations for Selection and In Vitro Methods for Product Quality Assessments 使用液體和/或軟性食品給藥:產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量評估的選擇和體外方法的一般考慮 |
Using the Inactive Ingredient Database 非活性成分數(shù)據(jù)庫的使用 |
Pharmaceutical Quality/Manufacturing Standards (CGMP) 藥品質(zhì)量/制造標準(CGMP) |
CGMP Final Interim Guidance for Human Drug Compounding Outsourcing Facilities Under Section 503B of the FD&C Act; Revised Draft 根據(jù)FD&C法案503B部分人用藥品配制外包設(shè)施的CGMP最終臨時指南;修訂草案 |
Field Alert Report Submission 區(qū)域警示報告提交 |
Pharmacology/Toxicology藥理/毒理學(xué) |
Nonclinical Safety Evaluation of Ophthalmic Pharmaceuticals 眼科藥物非臨床安全性評估 |
Procedural程序 |
Citizen Petitions and Petitions for Stay of Action Subject to Section 505(q) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act 根據(jù)《聯(lián)邦食品、藥品和化妝品法》第505(q)條訴訟中止的公民請愿和訴訟 |
Civil Monetary Penalties for Failure to Meet Accelerated Post Marketing Requirements 未能滿足加速上市后需求的民事罰款 |
Content of Threshold Analyses and Human Factors Submissions to an NDA, BLA or ANDA 提交一份NDA, BLA 或ANDA的閾值分析和人為因素的內(nèi)容 |
Definitions of Suspect Product and Illegitimate Product or Verification Obligations 可疑產(chǎn)品和非法產(chǎn)品或核查義務(wù)的定義 |
Designated Delivery Services for 505(b)(2) or ANDA Applicants Sending Notices of Paragraph IV Patent Certification 505(b)(2)或ANDA申請發(fā)送第IV部分專利認定通知的指定的運送服務(wù) |
Development of a Shared System REMS 共用系統(tǒng)緩解策略(REMS)的開發(fā) |
Good Review Management Principles and Practices for PDUFA and BsUFA Products PDUFA 和 BsUFA產(chǎn)品的良好審評管理原則和實踐 |
Grandfathering Policy for Packages and Homogenous Cases of Product Without a Product Identifier 對無產(chǎn)品標識的產(chǎn)品包裝和統(tǒng)一的過渡政策 |
Implementation of the “Deemed to be a License” Provision of the BPCI Act: Questions and Answers 實施BPCI法案中“視為許可”的規(guī)定:問答 |
Pediatric Product Development Under the Pediatric Research Equity Act and the Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act: Scientific Considerations; Revised Draft 根據(jù)兒科研究公平法案和兒童藥物法案進行兒科產(chǎn)品開發(fā):科學(xué)考慮點;修訂草案 |
Pediatric Product Development Under the Pediatric Research Equity Act and the Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act: Regulatory Considerations; Revised Draft 根據(jù)兒科研究公平法案和兒童藥物法案進行兒科產(chǎn)品開發(fā):法規(guī)監(jiān)管考慮點;修訂草案 |
Proposed Accreditation Program Under the Drug Supply Chain Security Act Version: 19 January 2018 根據(jù)藥品供應(yīng)鏈安全法案擬定認證方案 版本:2018年1月19日 |
Proposed Licensing Program Under the Drug Supply Chain Security Act 根據(jù)藥品供應(yīng)鏈安全法案撰寫許可程序 |
Public Disclosure of FDA-Sponsored Studies FDA發(fā)起研究的公開披露 |
Qualified Infectious Disease Product Designation: Questions and Answers 傳染病產(chǎn)品認定的確認:問答 |
REMS Assessment: Planning and Reporting 緩解策略(REMS)評估:計劃和報告 |
Standardization of Data and Documentation Practices for Product Tracing 產(chǎn)品跟蹤的數(shù)據(jù)和文件操作的標準化 |
Streamlined Submission Process to Determine Whether an Investigational In Vitro 精簡提交程序以確定是否進行體外研究 |
Companion Diagnostic in an Oncology Trial is Significant Risk 腫瘤學(xué)試驗中進行同伴診斷頗具風(fēng)險 |
Survey Methodologies to Assess REMS Goals Related to Knowledge 評估緩解策略(REMS)目標關(guān)于知識方面的調(diào)查方法 |
The Product Identifier for Human, Finished, Prescription Drugs: Question and Answers 人用處方藥成品:問答 |
Use of a Drug Master File for Shared System Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies(REMS) 共用系統(tǒng)風(fēng)險評估和緩解策略(REMS)采用DMF |
Verification Systems Under the Drug Supply Chain Security Act for Certain Prescription Drugs 根據(jù)食品供應(yīng)鏈安全法對某些處方藥的核查系統(tǒng) |
Waivers, Exceptions and Exemptions from the Requirements of Section 582 of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act 聯(lián)邦食品,藥品和化妝品法案582部分要求的豁免和例外 |
Waivers of the Single, Shared System REMS Requirement 單一,共用系統(tǒng)緩解策略(REMS)要求 的豁免 |
Rare Diseases罕見病 |
Rare Diseases: Early Drug Development and the Role of Pre-IND Meetings 罕見疾?。涸缙谒幬镩_發(fā)和前期會議的作用 |
Rare Diseases: Common Issues in Drug Development 罕見?。核幬镩_發(fā)中的常見問題 |
User Fees用戶付費 |
Prescription Drug User Fee Act Waivers for Fixed Dose Combination Antiretroviral Drugs for the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief 處方藥用戶付費法案中對抗艾滋用總統(tǒng)緊急救援計劃中的固定劑量聯(lián)合抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒 藥物的豁免 |
Prescription Drug User Fee Act Waivers, Reductions, and Refunds for Drug and Biological Products 處方藥用戶付費法案豁免,減少以及藥品和生物制品退款 |
歐盟法規(guī)進展
歐盟方面,EMA也發(fā)布了2018年GMP/GDP督查工作組工作計劃,我們重點來看一下指南法規(guī)方面的變化:
New EU Guidelines新歐盟指南 |
GMP Guide: Annex 21 (Importation of medicinal products) GMP指南:附錄21(藥品進口) |
GMP and Marketing Authorisation Holders GMP和上市許可持有人 |
Guideline on the sterilisation of the medicinal product, active substance, excipient and primary container, EMA/CHMP/CVMP/QWP/BWP/850374/2015 (H/V) 對藥品、活性物質(zhì)、輔料以及主要容器滅菌的指南EMA/CHMP/CVMP/QWP/BWP/850374/2015 (H/V) |
EU Guidelines under revision歐盟修訂指南 |
GMP Guide: Introductions GMP指南:簡介 |
GMP Guide: Chapter 1 (Pharmaceutical Quality System) GMP指南:第一章(制工經(jīng)質(zhì)量體系) |
GMP Guide: Chapter 4 (Documentation) GMP指南:第四章(文件) |
GMP Guide: Annex 1 (Manufacture of Sterile Medicinal Products) GMP指南:附錄1(無菌藥品的制造) |
GMP Guide: Annex 11 (Computerised Systems) GMP指南:附錄11(計算機化系統(tǒng)) |
Guideline on the manufacture of the finished dosage form (V) 成品生產(chǎn)的指南(V) |
Guideline on quality of water for pharmaceutical use (H+V) 制藥用水質(zhì)量指南(H+V) |
ICH Guidelines ICH指南 |
ICH Q12 (Lifecycle Management) ICH Q12生命周期管理 |
Other guidance其它指南 |
Q&As on the implementation of the updated shared facilities guidance 關(guān)于更新共用設(shè)施指南實施的問答 |
參考資料:
Work plan for GMP/GDP Inspectors Working Group for 2018
Guidance Agenda New & Revised Draft Guidances CDER Plans to Publish During Calendar Year 2018
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